Optimized Breast Cancer Classification Using an Adaptive Voting Ensemble Learning Algorithm

Abstract— Breast cancer remains one of the leading causes of mortality among women worldwide, making early and accurate diagnosis crucial for improving patient outcomes. Traditional machine learning models often struggle to maintain high classification accuracy due to data variability and the complex nature of tumor characteristics. This study proposes an adaptive voting ensemble learning algorithm to enhance breast cancer classification performance. The ensemble integrates multiple classifiers—such as Decision Trees, Support Vector Machines, and K-Nearest Neighbors—by assigning dynamic weights based on each model's real-time performance. The algorithm is evaluated using the Wisconsin Breast Cancer Dataset (WBCD), and its effectiveness is measured against individual classifiers using metrics like accuracy, precision, recall, and F1-score. Results demonstrate that the adaptive ensemble significantly outperforms standalone models, offering a more robust and reliable approach for breast cancer prediction. This method shows promise for application in clinical decision support systems, contributing to more accurate diagnostics and better treatment planning. Keywords- Breast Cancer Classification, Adaptive Voting, Ensemble Learning, Machine Learning, Wisconsin Breast Cancer Dataset (WBCD), Decision Tree, Support Vector Machine (SVM), K-Nearest Neighbors (KNN), Medical Diagnosis, Predictive Modeling