Frequency of Induction of Labour in Patients with Pregnancy Induced Hypertension and Fetomaternal Outcome in Gynae B ward, Ayub Teaching Hospital

Background: Pregnancy-induced hypertension significantly increases the risk of adverse maternal and neonatal outcomes. Timely identification and management of high-risk patients are essential to reduce complications. Various maternal demographic factors may influence the severity of PIH and the need for labor induction, yet the extent of their association with fetomaternal outcomes remains underexplored in local settings. Objective: To determine the frequency of induction of labor and fetomaternal outcome in patients with pregnancy induced hypertension. Study Design: Descriptive cross-sectional study. Duration and Place of Study: The study was conducted from February to May 2025, in the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Unit B, at Ayub Teaching Hospital, Abbottabad. Methodology: A total of 140 women aged 18–40 years with singleton pregnancies beyond 36 weeks and diagnosed with PIH were included. Women with prior cesarean sections, fetal malpresentation, placenta previa, or cephalopelvic disproportion were excluded. Labor was induced in eligible patients using prostaglandin E2 vaginal gel. Data on maternal and neonatal outcomes, including ICU admission, seizures, birth asphyxia, NICU admission, and neonatal death, were recorded. Results: Of the 140 participants, 83.6% underwent labor induction. Adverse outcomes included maternal ICU admission (21.4%), seizures (10.7%), birth asphyxia (37.9%), NICU admission (55%), and neonatal death (7.1%). Significant associations were found between labor induction and advanced maternal age (>30 years), post-term gestation (>39 weeks), obesity (BMI >25 kg/m²), grand multiparity, higher socioeconomic status, and urban residence (p<0.05). Conclusion: Maternal demographic factors such as age, gestational duration, BMI, parity, socioeconomic status, and urban residence are strongly associated with both the need for labor induction and adverse fetomaternal outcomes.