Effect of Glass Ionomer Cements on Re-Mineralization in Demineralized Lesion

Introduction: Dental caries is a dynamic process characterized by alternating cycles of demineralization and remineralization. Restorative materials with the ability to release bioactive ions have become crucial in promoting remineralization and halting lesion progression. Objective: To determine and compare the remineralisation ability of conventional glass ionomer cement and resin-modified glass ionomer cement in experimentally induced demineralised lesions. Material and Method: This was an in-vitro experimental study which was carried out at at Foundation University College of Dentistry, Islamabad, between November, 2023 and April, 2024. Sixty artificial demineralised lesion-induced human teeth were allotted to two groups. Group A was restored using endocoronal standard GIC, and Group B was restored using resin-modified GIC. Results: The microhardness and mineral contents of the two groups were recovered significantly after restoration, indicating remineralising activity. Nonetheless, resin-modified GIC had a greater mean hardness recovery rate (92.5%) than conventional GIC (82.1%). The restoration of Ca/P and the SEM analysis indicated improved deposition of the minerals and less porosity in Group B. Conclusion: The use of glass ionomer-based restorative materials improves remineralisation in demineralised lesions, with resin-modified GIC having better results. These results advocate their use in minimally invasive dentistry with a focus on restorative and preventive advantages.