Dietary energy, antioxidant molecules, nutritional and lifestyle determinants pointers of brain cancer

• Brain tumor (glioma) have been identified to be the leading cause of premature death. • High BMI and height have been linked to an increased risk of developing glioma. • A diet rich in vegetables and antioxidants (e.g., vitamins C and resveratrol) may protect against glioma. • Maintaining a healthy body weight and engaging in daily physical activity may protect against glioma. Brain cancers have been identified to be the leading cause of premature death in developed countries. The aim of the review was to appraise the dietary energy, nutritional factors, antioxidants rich bioactive molecules and lifestyle in the prevention of brain tumor. The scientific articles used in this review were obtained from the SciELO, PubMed, Science Direct, and Google Scholar databases. The review utilized only articles that were published between 2011 and 2025. The outcome of the review indicated that proper nutritional habits and lifestyle factors can prevent 30–50 % of cancer types. A diet rich in vegetables and antioxidants (e.g., vitamins C and resveratrol) may protect against glioma. Maintaining a healthy body weight and engaging in daily physical activity appear to be important. To enhance and apprehend the relationship between selected factors and the prevalence of gliomas, larger clinical studies across global regions and cultural practices are required.