Da teoria à prática: uma revisão bibliográfica sobre as principais formas de prevenção à bronquiolite viral aguda

Introduction: Acute viral bronchiolitis is a recurrent childhood disease whose incidence requires special attention in pediatric care to avoid negative repercussions on public health. Objectives: To highlight the benefits of preventive therapeutic measures in addressing viral infection, promoting the well-being of hospitalized patients. Methodology: This study consisted of a bibliographic review of scientific articles published between 2004 and 2025, selected through manual searches on PubMed, SciELO, LILACS, and Google Scholar. Studies addressing the treatment and prevention of bronchiolitis in hospital settings were considered, using the following descriptors: Acute Viral Bronchiolitis, Health, Childhood, and Prevention. Results: This analytical research was supported by the positive effects of the drug palivizumab, a compound formed by immunoglobulins, in conjunction with the use of pulmonary surfactant extracted from porcine lungs. Surfactant helps eliminate carbon dioxide from the lung alveoli, while Palivizumab strengthens the immune response against the viral agent circulating in the body. These therapies, when administered together, significantly contribute to clinical improvement in patients, reducing the length of hospital stay in the Intensive Care Unit. Conclusion: The adoption of preventive measures is essential and should be widely discussed in the context of pediatric respiratory care. Such strategies promote the recovery of lung physiology, alleviate disease symptoms, and promote the well-being of hospitalized patients.