Spontaneous Mutations vs. Prescribed Polymorphisms Review Paper

Spontaneous, undirected, pointless “mutations,” whether random or nonrandom, must be differentiated from “prescribed polymorphisms.” Mutations are one-time unique events that occur with no goal or steering toward utility. Purposeless Mutations may be caused by nonrandom physicodynamic factors such as ionizing radiation and carcinogens. But purposeless mutations, nonrandom included, are never “directed” toward any biofunction. This is also true of all natural forces, laws, quantum events, and irreversible nonequilibrium thermodynamics. None of these have ever been observed to pursue or generate nontrivial utility. Prescribed polymorphisms, on the other hand, are both nonrandom and “directed.” Abundant empirical evidence continues to mount that polymorphic programming refinements are quite intentional. The genome not only regularly expands its phase space of polymorphic options, but the genome also actively selects and controls which polymorphisms to employ to meet abrupt and severe environmental challenges. Programming decisions must be active, not passive (not just secondary and after-the-fact of later phenotypic fitness). Programming precedes and prescribes the computation of homeostatic metabolism and the phenotypic fitness of living organisms. Without algorithmic optimization at the genomic level, natural selection would have no fittest organisms to select. Evolution is way too slow to explain so many empirically rapid adaptations. Prescribed Polymorphic Adaptation (PPA) results from efficacious cybernetic commands executed from programming modules called up into upper memory in rapid response to environmental challenges.