Magnetic Circuit Parameter Extraction by Dual Finite Element Formulations

This paper presents dual finite element formulations for extraction of magnetic circuit (MC) parameter in electromagnetic devices. Analogous to electric circuit (EC), lumped parameters in MC, namely magnetic-resistance and magnetic-inductance, can be extracted by dual formulations employing scalar and vector potential variables. The dual formulations used in MC parameter extraction also shows the property of complementary energy bounds. Special treatments are developed to consider the case when the topology of both permeability domain and conductivity domain is nontrivial.