ANALYSIS OF THE TERM ГРОШОВІ КОШТИ IN UKRAINIAN ECONOMIC AND LINGUISTIC DISCOURSES

The Ukrainian term грошові кошти is ubiquitous in national legislation yet remains semantically unstable: definitions conflict, English renderings diverge (‘cash,’ ‘funds,’ ‘money’), and linguists condemn the phrase as a tautological calque from Russian bureaucratic style. Early sources, however, show that кошти once meant ‘expenses,’ borrowed through Polish koszt (< M.H.G. kosten), so the compound reflects a historical shift from generic outlays to specifically monetary assets rather than being a simple redundancy. Modern scholarship is equally divided: one camp limits грошові кошти to physical cash; another adds all highly-liquid instruments; theoretics treat it as any unit of monetary value. This terminological issue complicates accounting practice, statutory translation, and comparative research. Resolving it demands coordinated work by linguists, economists, lawyers, and translators to agree on a stable definition and uniform English equivalent, thereby improving clarity in Ukrainian statutes and international documents.