Sources of Discomfort and Treatment Strategies for Trauma Patients in the Pre-Hospital Setting: A Scoping Review

The findings underline the multidimensional nature of discomfort in prehospital trauma care and highlight effective interventions, including pharmacologic and complementary nonpharmacologic strategies. However, significant gaps remain regarding standardized assessment tools for non-pain-related discomforts and combined interventions. This review underscores the necessity for comprehensive management protocols and further research to optimize patient comfort and care outcomes in trauma settings.