Spectrum of light hexaquark states in a triquark-antitriquark configuration

To understand the nature of <a:math xmlns:a="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"> <a:mi>X</a:mi> <a:mo stretchy="false">(</a:mo> <a:mn>2075</a:mn> <a:mo stretchy="false">)</a:mo> </a:math> and <e:math xmlns:e="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"> <e:mi>X</e:mi> <e:mo stretchy="false">(</e:mo> <e:mn>2085</e:mn> <e:mo stretchy="false">)</e:mo> </e:math> observed by the BESIII Collaboration in the <i:math xmlns:i="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"> <i:mi>p</i:mi> <i:mover accent="true"> <i:mi mathvariant="normal">Λ</i:mi> <i:mo stretchy="false">¯</i:mo> </i:mover> </i:math> system, we systematically investigate the possibility that these states are compact hexaquark with triquark-antitriquark configurations for the first time. Within the framework of QCD sum rules, the mass spectrum and decay constants of such hexaquark states with quantum numbers <n:math xmlns:n="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"> <n:msup> <n:mi>J</n:mi> <n:mi>P</n:mi> </n:msup> <n:mo>=</n:mo> <n:msup> <n:mn>0</n:mn> <n:mo>−</n:mo> </n:msup> <n:mo>,</n:mo> <n:msup> <n:mn>0</n:mn> <n:mo>+</n:mo> </n:msup> <n:mo>,</n:mo> <n:msup> <n:mn>1</n:mn> <n:mo>−</n:mo> </n:msup> <n:mo>,</n:mo> <n:msup> <n:mn>1</n:mn> <n:mo>+</n:mo> </n:msup> </n:math> are studied. Consequently, six independent and nondegenerate hexaquark candidates are obtained, among which two <p:math xmlns:p="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"> <p:msup> <p:mi>J</p:mi> <p:mi>P</p:mi> </p:msup> <p:mo>=</p:mo> <p:msup> <p:mn>1</p:mn> <p:mo>−</p:mo> </p:msup> </p:math> states exhibit masses consistent with <r:math xmlns:r="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"> <r:mi>X</r:mi> <r:mo stretchy="false">(</r:mo> <r:mn>2075</r:mn> <r:mo stretchy="false">)</r:mo> </r:math> , while the two <v:math xmlns:v="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"> <v:msup> <v:mi>J</v:mi> <v:mi>P</v:mi> </v:msup> <v:mo>=</v:mo> <v:msup> <v:mn>1</v:mn> <v:mo>+</v:mo> </v:msup> </v:math> states differ markedly from the mass of <x:math xmlns:x="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"> <x:mi>X</x:mi> <x:mo stretchy="false">(</x:mo> <x:mn>2075</x:mn> <x:mo stretchy="false">)</x:mo> </x:math> or <bb:math xmlns:bb="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"> <bb:mi>X</bb:mi> <bb:mo stretchy="false">(</bb:mo> <bb:mn>2085</bb:mn> <bb:mo stretchy="false">)</bb:mo> </bb:math> . The remaining two states with <fb:math xmlns:fb="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"> <fb:msup> <fb:mi>J</fb:mi> <fb:mi>P</fb:mi> </fb:msup> <fb:mo>=</fb:mo> <fb:msup> <fb:mn>0</fb:mn> <fb:mo>+</fb:mo> </fb:msup> </fb:math> and <hb:math xmlns:hb="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"> <hb:msup> <hb:mn>0</hb:mn> <hb:mo>−</hb:mo> </hb:msup> </hb:math> may serve as predictions for potential compact hexaquark configurations. Furthermore, the possible decay modes of these hexaquark states are analyzed, which could be the experimental signatures for their identification.