STUDYING THE NEEDS OF POWER SYSTEMS IN ELECTRICITY STORAGE IN THE CASE OF MASSIVE IMPLEMENTATION OF POWER PLANTS OF NON-GUARANTEED CAPACITY

Battery energy storage systems have become widely adopted due to their availability, high performance, significant energy density, and sufficient power output. However, their cost remains relatively high. This article addresses the development of a methodological approach for determining the appropriate capacity and power requirements of energy storage systems in power grids that incorporate a significant share of wind power plants, aiming to ensure their operation at a forecasted power output, which constitutes the objective of the study. To achieve this goal, daily power output profiles of wind farms within the Integrated Power System of Ukraine for the period 2017–2019 were analyzed. Their capacity factors were calculated, the forecasting interval for power output was substantiated, and a computational model for statistical analysis was developed. Using this model, probability distribution graphs for storage needs and normalized storage requirement graphs depending on the probability of coverage were constructed. The analysis revealed a high consistency in normalized storage requirements for wind farms across the analyzed years. The proposed methodological approach and calculation algorithm demonstrated that the maximum storage needs to ensure forecasted daily wind power output occur only once or a few times per year. By maintaining forecasted wind power operation with a 95 % probability, the required energy storage system capacity and power can be reduced by 33–35 %, leading to corresponding reductions in investment costs. In this case, energy losses would not exceed 1.3–1.8 %. Although this study was conducted for the power system of a specific country, the proposed methodological approach can be applied to power systems of various scales in other countries with different climatic conditions. Bibl. 45, Fig. 7, Tab. 4.