The effect of Lallemantia royleana seeds extract in modifying the inflammatory response and BAX protein expression in the kidney tissue of albino mice that treated with Rifadin

Background.It has become known that the repeated use of therapeutic drugs for some medical conditions is accompanied by the appearance of side effects from these drugs, so many have resorted to using alternative medicine to treat some diseases or to reduce the symptoms of the disease due to the effective substances that herbs and medicinal plants contain. Purpose.The aim of this study is to examine the effects of Lallemantia royleana(Balangu) seed extract in modifying the inflammatory response and BAX protein expression as a marker of cell death after treatment with Rifadin. Materials and methods.Twenty-four Swiss albino mice, 5 weeks old, were divided into four groups: 1) control group treated with normal saline, 2) group treated with 1.5 mg/kg/day Rifadin, 3) group treated with Lallemantia royleana(Balangu) seed extract, 4) group treated with Lallemantia royleanaseed extract and Rifadin. After 30 days, the animals were sacrificed, the kidneys were collected, and placed in a 10% formalin fixative. Slides were prepared for histological examination and to detect the expression of BAX protein by IHC technique. Results. The results showed , there are many pathological and inflammatory changes in group treated with Rifadin (1.5mg/kg/day) compared with control group, these changes represented by severe congestion of blood vessels and hemorrhage in cortex and medulla regions of kidney with appearance of fibrosis and infiltration of leukocytes .in the group that treated with Lallemantia royleanaseeds extract there was no disintegration observed in the kidney's tissue with moderate congestion and hemorrhage, while there was moderate disintegration in the kidney tissue with mild to moderate congestion , hemorrhage and leukocytes infiltration in albino mice that treated with Rifadin and Lallemantia royleana (Balangu) seeds extract together. The expression of BAX protein ranged from strong, mild, moderate immune reaction between the groups respectively compared with the control group. Conclusion.The conclusion of this research is that the alcoholic extract of Lallemantia royleanaseeds plays an effective and protective role in safeguarding kidney tissue from the harmful effects of Rifadin.