HRM Implementation, gig work, and the amo framework: A systematic review of evolving dynamics in the modern digital workplace

This systematic review aims to provide a comprehensive and critical analysis of the scholarly literature on gig work, with the objective of identifying key research gaps and establishing a robust foundation for future academic inquiry in this dynamic and rapidly evolving field. The review focuses on literature published between 2018 and 2024 that characterized by significant growth and structural transformation in the gig economy, especially in response to the global disruptions caused by the COVID-19 pandemic. Relevant peer-reviewed publications were systematically retrieved from two major academic databases, Scopus and Web of Science, to ensure a broad and high-quality evidence base that reflects current developments and academic perspectives. A rigorous four-phase stepwise framework was employed to guide the review process, ensuring transparency, replicability, and methodological rigor. Through this process, 46 highly relevant articles were selected for in-depth analysis. The findings highlight the evolving and non-standardized nature of gig work, and its complex implications for human resource management (HRM). The review reveals that conventional HRM practices often fail to produce meaningful outcomes within gig employment contexts due to the fluid, temporary, and platform mediated nature of these work arrangements. Furthermore, the analysis uncovers a significant gap in the literature regarding the customization and effectiveness of HRM strategies tailored specifically for gig workers. While some practices show potential, their impact remains limited without contextual adaptation. This review contributes to the scholarly understanding of gig work by emphasizing the urgent need for innovative and flexible HRM models that align with the distinct features of gig employment. It also offers practical insights for researchers and practitioners aiming to enhance workforce management within this emerging labor paradigm.