P096 Prevalence and risk factors of OSA in people with sarcoidosis

Abstract Background Emerging evidence suggests a link between sarcoidosis and an increased risk of developing obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA). Previous studies have reported a higher prevalence of OSA in people with sarcoidosis; however, much of this evidence has been derived from retrospective analyses. More recently, prospective cohort studies have provided further insight into potential interactions between sarcoidosis and OSA. This narrative review aims to synthesise current evidence on the prevalence of OSA in people with sarcoidosis and identify associated risk factors. Methods We conducted a search of Pubmed, Medline, the Cochrane Library and the Register of Controlled Trials and identified eight studies that evaluated the prevalence of OSA in people with sarcoidosis diagnosed by histopathological confirmation. Results The prevalence of OSA in people with sarcoidosis ranged from 44% to 88%. Mild OSA was generally more common than moderate to severe OSA, with prevalence rates of 24% to 52% for mild cases and 5% to 51% for moderate to severe cases. Advancing age and elevated body mass index (BMI) were consistently associated with increased OSA risk. Corticosteroid therapy and sex showed mixed associations, while parenchymal lung involvement was not linked to increased OSA risk in any study. Conclusion The prevalence of OSA in people with sarcoidosis significantly exceeds that observed in the general population. Conventional risk factors for OSA, including age and BMI, also apply in this group. Further prospective studies with larger, well-defined cohorts are warranted to clarify these associations and explore the potential bidirectional relationship between sarcoidosis and OSA.