AMS-YOLO: multi-scale feature integration for intelligent plant protection against maize pests

The proposed AMS-YOLO model successfully addresses key challenges in maize pest detection through targeted architectural improvements. The lightweight design enables extended field deployment while maintaining high detection accuracy, making it highly suitable for resource-constrained agricultural environments. This advancement demonstrates significant potential for supporting more targeted pest management decisions, contributing to precision pesticide application and resource optimization in field conditions, thereby advancing intelligent and sustainable plant protection.