Identity in psychology and philosophical anthropology as a result of a person’s search for an answer to the question “Who am I?”: a comparative analysis of approaches

The aim of the research is to compare perspectives on human identity within psychology and philosophical anthropology in order to choose the most flexible and heuristically valuable approach for its study. The article reveals the multifaceted nature of views on identity and the ambiguity of this concept from the point of view of psychology and philosophical anthropology – related, but extremely different in their object and method approaches to studying various aspects of human existence. The scientific novelty lies in the conceptualization of differences in the approach to identity in psychology and philosophical anthropology: psychology, in studying identity, relies more on experience alone, bringing its entire theoretical apparatus under it, while philosophical anthropology, emphasizing the incompleteness of our knowledge, goes beyond exclusively empirical knowledge. The results of the study showed the possibilities and limitations of both approaches to identity: psychology gives a more complete, but less defined view of human identity due to the ratio of heterogeneous ideas and concepts, while philosophical anthropology, devoid of such finalism, allows the researcher to choose a limited set of parameters of interest depending on which person or community of people becomes the object of research.