Yield, physical and chemical - technological characteristics of grain and flour of new winter wheat varieties in different agroecological conditions

The need for global food security requires an increase in wheat production, as the third most common crop in the world with a significant role in the global and Serbian economy Although breeding and agrotechnical measures contribute to yield growth, agriculture faces challenges such as climate change, land degradation and rising input costs that require new approaches to production stability The aim of the research was to identify differences in grain yield and quality between the widely used wheat variety Pobeda and the new wheat variety ML Grigorija, taking into account the influence of the genotype and external conditions The yield and physicochemical properties of grain and flour of ML Grigorija and Pobeda were examined at six locations in Serbia during 2021/22 and 2022/23 The trials were organized according to a random distribution plan in three repetitions, with standard agrotechnical measures The yield was calculated and corrected for the standard moisture content, while the physico-chemical and rheological properties were tested in accredited laboratories according to SRPS ISO standards The obtained results were processed statistically, using the variance analysis method, and the least significant difference test (lsd test) was used for individual comparisons The results showed significant differences in yield, physical and technological properties depending on the factors examined The ML Grigorija variety achieved high yields and good technological quality in favorable conditions, while Pobeda had more stable physical properties and better test stability, which indicates that the selection of the genotype adapted to environmental conditions enables the achievement of high and stable yields and quality.