Bezpieczeństwo klimatyczne w Syrii – konsekwencje i wyzwania wynikające z niedoboru zasobów wodnych

This article presents the challenges and consequences resulting from the shortage of water resources in Syria. They constitute an important aspect of international security, especially in the context of the increasing extreme weather phenomena resulting from climate change. In the first part of the article, attention is focused on this phenomenon with particular emphasis on its causes and effects. A division is also made into climate changes caused by human activity and those of a natural characteristic. Their indirect and direct effects, which may affect the functioning of states, are also indicated. In the further part of the article the role of climate change as a potential source of international tensions and internal social unrest is emphasized. Possible climate threats to the stability of a given region are also presented. Thus, the issue of such challenges as migration, conflicts over resources or geopolitical changes caused by the occurrence of extreme weather phenomena is developed. Possible changes in the economy and food security were also mentioned, especially in the context of countries whose functioning is largely based on agriculture. Then, the consequences of climate change in Syria and its impact on the social and economic situation in the country were analyzed. Particular attention was paid to water shortages and long-term, intense droughts. The last part of the article presents international aspects of climate security in Syria. In this context, the possibility of water resource conflicts between Syria, Turkey and Iraq was highlighted due to the Tigris and Euphrates rivers flowing through their territories. Potential sources of tension among the countries located in the river basin were also analyzed. Finally, actions taken by Turkey and Syria in the context of water resource conflicts and potential cooperation in this area were identified.