Correlation Between Cord Blood TSH (CBTSH) and Maternal and Neonatal Factors: A Cross-sectional Study

Background: Fetal thyroid function significantly influences early growth and brain development. Cord blood thyroid stimulating hormone (CBTSH) measurement can help in early detection of congenital hypothyroidism (CH). This study examines the association between CBTSH levels, maternal characteristics, and neonatal outcomes. Methods: A cross-sectional study was performed in the Pediatrics Department of Muzaffarnagar Medical College and Hospital, including 200 inborn neonates. Maternal age, gestational age, birth weight, and delivery mode were recorded. CBTSH was measured at birth; elevated values were rechecked on day three. Results: Most mothers (91.5%) were aged 21–30 years. CBTSH was ≤20 mIU/L in 89.5% of neonates, while 5.5% showed ≥40 mIU/L; all normalized on repeat testing. Maternal age and gestational age were negatively correlated with CBTSH (r = −0.315, p = 0.001; r = −0.284, p = 0.001). Low birth weight and certain delivery modes were linked to transient TSH elevation. Conclusion: Maternal and gestational age influence CBTSH values. While most elevated readings were transient, early screening and follow-up are critical to exclude CH. Larger, multicenter studies with extended follow-up are recommended.