Formulation and evaluation of indomethacin loaded pharma cosomal gel for the management of rheumatoid arthritis

The current study focuses on the development of a pharmacosomal gel containing indomethacin to enhance its therapeutic efficiency in a sustained-release manner. The formulation aims to improve the solubility and bioavailability of the drug while minimizing potential side effects. Preformulation studies and analytical validation confirmed drug-excipient compatibility using FTIR and DSC analyses. Pharmacosomes were prepared using the thin-film hydration method and optimized through a Central Composite Design (CCD), varying the concentrations of soya lecithin and the rotation speed of the evaporator. Among thirteen formulations, batch F9 was found to be optimal with a particle size of 188.4 nm and an entrapment efficiency of 97.8%. This optimized batch was incorporated into a 0.4% Carbopol 934-P gel and was subjected to various evaluations, including in vitro drug release, stability, and anti-inflammatory studies. The findings indicate that the gel provides prolonged drug release and may serve as an effective transdermal delivery system for managing rheumatoid arthritis.