Barriers for time, cost, and quality management in polymer modified asphalt road construction in Sri Lanka

Polymer Modified Asphalt (PMA) offers improved durability, reduced maintenance, and helps mitigate plastic waste, making it a sustainable alternative to conventional asphalt in road construction. The successful implementation of PMA in road construction depends on effective time, cost, and quality management. This study explores the unique challenges faced in PMA road projects in Sri Lanka by identifying specific barriers and proposing tailored strategies to improve project outcomes. Using a qualitative research approach, data were collected through expert interviews supported by a comprehensive literature review. This study is based on 12 semi-structured interviews with industry experts whose experience ranged from 4 to 15 years in road construction, including PMA applications. The findings highlight common barriers such as scheduling inefficiencies, supply chain disruptions, high material costs, and limited availability of skilled personnel. PMA-specific challenges, including temperature sensitivity, complex quality testing, and variability in material standards, were also identified. To address these, the study presents a matrix of 34 barriers and 15 strategies, including advanced planning, real-time tracking, value engineering, standardized protocols, and capacity-building programs. These strategies directly enhance project performance across all three dimensions of the Iron Triangle: time, cost, and quality. The research provides actionable insights for industry practitioners and policymakers to support the broader adoption of PMA, particularly in high-traffic and climate-sensitive regions.