Finite Element Analysis (FEA) to Support a New Device to Treat Mandible Subcondylar Fractures

Mandibular fractures account for 42% of maxillofacial injuries, with condylar fractures representing 25%-35% of these cases. Despite the prevalence, the optimal method for treating condylar fractures remains debated, though internal rigid fixation is commonly used for stability. Recent focus has shifted to evaluating specific fixation methods for condylar fractures, including single miniplates, double miniplates, lag screws, and 3D plates, aiming to determine if a single miniplate can be as effective as or better than more complex systems. This study employs finite element analysis (FEA) to evaluate a novel fixation device for condylar fractures, which involves an intramedullary neck screw fixed with additional screws. Using 3D models of the mandible, miniplates, and screws, simulations were performed to assess stress distribution and displacement under varying loads. The analysis revealed that the fixation system provided stable results with minimal deformation and stress concentration in critical areas. The device demonstrated adequate stability, with no mechanical failures observed. The study concludes that the new fixation technique offers a viable alternative for treating mandibular condylar fractures, potentially simplifying the procedure and reducing costs compared with more complex fixation methods.