CFD Analysis of Blood Flow Obstruction in Coronary Arteries and Its Impact on Heart Blockages

Blood vessels, which are veins and arteries, are the high-speed highways employing muscular pumps to propel blood throughout the body. Any disease or clot within the blood vessels that interrupt the pathway of blood flow stops the smooth flow of the blood, thus changing the hemodynamic of the blood. That creates a condition that is fatal. The hemodynamic mechanism of a portion of a stiffened coronary artery resulting from sudden obstruction or stagnant flow, and the interrelation between rheological and mechanical parameters in vascular occlusion such as velocity and pressure. For various vascular occlusion sizes and blockages case studies, the oscillation pressure, pressure profile and velocity of blood through artery have been analysed and discussed. Changes in the pressure of blood flow through the arterial wall create stress. These walls of the artery contract and expand as the blood pressure increases when this pressure falls. In the case study of the patient blockage within an artery, the principal aims of the simulation were to find the velocity, pressure, and wall shear stress when there is an artery blockage. The ANSYS Design Modeller program and Computational Fluid Dynamics method is employed to simulate and analyse the blood artery with various sizes of vascular occlusion. CFD analysis proves that the blood flows smoothly and also pressure is reduced for blockages under sub-arteries. The pressure for the case of blockages at the beginning of artery and before sub-artery is more for the condition of 81% block and may be a condition of fatal. Computational Fluid Dynamics-based blood vessel simulation gives crucial information for the diagnosis of the circulatory barrier.