Evaluation of the Fracture Strength of Different Implant Abutments Under Mastication

Purpose: The aim of this study was to compare the biomechanical behavior of the implant-abutment connection against in vitro loading and the fracture locations and levels in the use of straight and angled standard fabricated abutments and TIBASE abutments. Materials andMethods: NucleOSSTM T6 Bone level implant (Turkey) was used. Ti Grade5 Straight abutment was used in the first group, 25Åã Angled Ti Grade5 fabricated abutment was used in the 2nd Group, and TIBASE abutment was used in the 3rd Group. Implants were used in two different diameters (3.5 and 4.8mm) and each of the samples was fixed on the implant manually or using a torque wrench. Metal crowns were used as a prosthetic superstructure to load the createdmechanisms with a chewing simulator. The crowns were cemented to the superstructures, which were torqued to 30 Ncm or manual tightened twice a day apart, and four years of use of each specimen was simulated in 1 000 000 cycles in the chewing simulator (Esetron, Turkey). All assemblies are fixed in a vertical position within a cylindricalmold to avoidmotion artifacts. Afterward, the samples were subjected to fracture testing using a universal testing device (Lloyd-LRX; Lloyd Instruments, Fareham, UK) at a speed of 1 mm/min to determine the maximum breaking values by the standard TS ISO 14801;2007. The breaking or bending of the samples was recorded using a light microscope (Leica MZ 12, Heerbrugg, Switzerland) in our faculty research laboratory. Results: It has been observed that implant-abutment connection resistances are affected by the thickness of the implant body and the screw tightening protocol.Considering the fracture values, it has been observed that themost stable high strength values are generally in the TIBASE samples with groups tightened with a torque wrench (1342.49 N). Conclusions: Accordingly, under the same conditions, while thicker implants break under higher forces and exhibit greater durability than thinner ones, it has been determined that tightening the screw with a torque wrench under a torque significantly increases the junctional strength compared to manual tightening.