Into The Spotlight – Glandular Odontogenic Cyst

Glandular odontogenic cyst (GOC) is a rare developmental odontogenic cyst, characterized by distinctive histopathological features and a potential for aggressive behavior and recurrence. It predominantly affects the anterior region of the mandible and may present clinically and radiographically similar to other jaw lesions, posing a diagnostic challenge. A 68-year-old male presented with a painless, gradually enlarging swelling in the lower anterior region of the jaw for the past six months. A history of root canal treatment and extraction in the same region eight years prior was reported. Radiographic evaluation revealed a well-defined, unilocular radiolucent lesion with scalloped margins crossing the midline, showing cortical expansion, bone resorption, and displacement of adjacent teeth. Histopathological examination following incisional biopsy showed odontogenic epithelium of variable thickness with features such as epithelial plaques, superficial ciliated cells with hobnail appearance, microcyst formation, and goblet cells—hallmarks consistent with glandular odontogenic cyst.This case highlights the importance of correlating clinical, radiological, and histopathological findings to arrive at a definitive diagnosis. Given its aggressive potential and risk of recurrence, GOC requires accurate diagnosis and appropriate surgical management with long-term follow-up.