Antimicrobial Resistance, Gestational Diabetes Mellitus, and the Role of Probiotics: Insights from Sangareddy District, Telangana State

Background: Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is a global health crisis with significant implications for maternal health. In Sangareddy district, Telangana, obstetric care faces the dual challenge of rising AMR and increasing gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) prevalence. Objective: To describe local AMR patterns, explore the intersection with GDM, and assess the potential role of probiotics as adjunct therapy. Methods: Microbiological data from obstetric patients were analyzed for pathogen prevalence and resistance profiles. GDM prevalence was estimated from antenatal clinic records. Probiotic activity was assessed via agar well diffusion. Results: E. coli (38%), K. pneumoniae (26%), S. aureus (21%), and Enterococcus spp. (15%) were predominant. Resistance rates exceeded national averages for several antibiotics. GDM co‑occurred in ~14% of infection‑positive pregnancies. Selected probiotic strains demonstrated inhibitory activity against major pathogens. Conclusion: Integrating AMR surveillance with GDM screening and evaluating probiotic adjunct therapy could improve maternal infection outcomes in Telangana