Robust Power Control for Dual-Polarized Holographic MIMO Enabled ISAC Systems

This paper explores the potential of dual-polarized (DP) technology with holographic multiple-input multi-output (HMIMO) surfaces. The primary goal is to mitigate the mutual interference between communication and sensing signals in integrated sensing and communication (ISAC) systems. By leveraging distinct polarization resources, DP enables the simultaneous transmission of both signal types within the same frequency and spatial domain. However, excessive transmission power will lead to increased polarization leakage. To address it, a robust power control scheme is proposed based on the DP ISAC channel model. In both perfect and imperfect channel state information (CSI) scenarios, our primary focus is minimizing power consumption while suppressing cross-polarization interference and ensuring optimal communication and sensing performance. Due to the massive number of antennas in HMIMO and the presence of multiple users and sensing targets, the problem becomes high-dimensional and highly non-convex, making it extremely challenging to solve. To address this challenge, a novel differential evolution-successive convex approximation (DE-SCA) algorithm is proposed. Through the deliberate integration of mutation and crossover mechanisms, our approach effectively navigates the high-dimensional precoding matrix space. Moreover, we devise a tailored convexification strategy to systematically reformulate the non-convex constraints, transforming the objective into a solvable convex optimization subproblem. Numerical results demonstrate that the synergy of global exploration and local refinement enhances both solution efficiency and convergence speed, particularly in large-scale HMIMO systems. The proposed algorithm achieves better communication and sensing performance with less power consumption. Additionally, it attains higher polarization diversity gain compared to conventional MIMO systems.