<b>Prevalence and risk factors of repeat breeding in dairy cows in Cendana District, Enrekang Regency, South Sulawesi, Indonesia</b>

Repeat breeding of dairy cows in Cendana District was prevalent at both the cow (28.8%) and farmer (60.4%) levels. Although no significant associations were found at the farmer level, the occurrence of repeat breeding was significantly associated with low milk yield, small herd size, and a history of reproductive disorders at the cow level. These findings highlight the importance of improving cow-level management practices to reduce the incidence of repeat breeding in smallholder dairy farms.