Geodynamic regime of the Shamakhi-Gobustan synclinorium

The goal of the paper is a qualitative evaluation of the intensity of the areal distribution of compressive stresses, which is a geodynamic factor in the Shamakhi-Gobustan region. At the same time, we study their influence on plicative and disjunctive dislocations, as well as mud volcanoes. Morphological characteristics of local uplifts developed in the region were studied, based on the results of studies. Isomorph maps were constructed reflecting the territorial distribution of compressive stresses within the stratigraphic units of the Mesozoic for the northern zone of the region, distribution of compressive stresses along the Maykop Series for the central zone and distribution of compressive stresses along the section of the Productive Series (Lower Pliocene) for the southern zones. The isomorph map is constructed according to the top of the Productive Series, the maximum difference in the values of the length-to-width ratio is 1.5. The studies revealed that the Shamakhi-Gobustan synclinorium is characterized by an intense impact of compressive stresses on its sedimentary cover. This is evidenced by the development of well-defined folded forms here, complicated quite often by reverse-thrust dislocations, as well as nappe structures. In addition, 3D models of these zones were also built, reflecting the effects of compressive stresses on structures from the earth’s surface. 3D models reflected morphology of uplifts on the Earth’s surface. The models are built by using the Surfer and Paint programs. From the above analysis of the compiled graphic material, it can be concluded that within the Shamakhi-Gobustan synclinorium, compressive stresses play a significant role not only in the formation of nappes and thrusts, but also in the formation of local uplifts, mud volcanoes and natural oil and gas seepages. Mud volcanoes played a significant role in the formation of oil and gas deposits along synclinoria. The channels of these volcanoes are the paths for both the creation and destruction of oil deposits. The stratigraphic position of the roots of mud volcanoes indicates the location of the oil-and-gas kitchen at great depths of the lithosphere. At the same time, their influence on fold formation increases with stratigraphic depth. Based on the distribution of compressive stresses and manifestations of mud volcanism in the synclinorium, where large-scale studies have not been conducted, it is possible to predict the oil and gas potential of the territory. Compressive stresses arising in the region play a key role in the formation of its structural-tectonic plan, the dispersion of fluids, the re-formation of various types of deposits, the accumulation of sediments containing organic matter along the region, the conversion and storage of the latter into hydrocarbons, the formation of structures suitable for the accumulation of oil and gas, and the development of mud volcanism.