The impact of spontaneous ventilation anesthesia on thrombosis risk for thoracic surgery: a beagle dog model study

Patients with NSCLC after surgery are at high risk of producing venous thromboembolism (VTE). The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects of spontaneous ventilation (SV) anesthesia and one-lung ventilation (OLV) anesthesia methods on thrombosis risk for thoracic surgery. A thoracic surgery model of beagle dogs was established. Eight beagle dogs were randomly divided into two groups: four in the OLV and four in the SV groups. Levels of D-dimer during and after surgery were compared between the two groups. In addition, PAI-1, t-PA, TM, and PPBP levels in the plasma using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay were determined. The D-dimer significantly increased one day after surgery in the OLV group (625.0 ± 153.5 vs. 2300.0 ± 922.1 μg/L, P = 0.034). However, the SV group showed no significant increase in D-dimer on postoperative day 1 (P > 0.05). Compared with the one-lung ventilation anesthesia, we found that there was no significant difference in D-dimer, PAI-1, t-PA, TM, and PPBP level during the operation (0, 2, 4, 6 h) and after the operation (day 1 and day 2) for SV anesthesia (P > 0.05). However, SV anesthesia significantly decreased the change in D-dimer (− 15 ± 255.9 vs. 1675 ± 1074.8 μg/L, P = 0.048) on postoperative day 1. Compared with the OLV anesthesia, there was no significant difference in thrombosis risk during the operation and the second day after the operation for SV anesthesia. However, the changes of D-dimer in SV anesthesia were significantly lower on the first postoperative day. Further investigation is warranted.