Prevalence of anxiety among medical students in a northern state of India and gaps in mental health service utilization: a cross-sectional study

Background: Medical students face high levels of anxiety, exacerbated by academic and lifestyle pressures. In India, cultural stigma and limited mental health access further complicate addressing these challenges. This study investigates the prevalence of anxiety among medical students, explores associated factors, and evaluates gaps in mental health service utilization. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted at a medical college in New Delhi, India, in June 2023. Anxiety was assessed using the Generalized Anxiety Disorder-7 (GAD-7) scale, with a score ≥10 indicating significant anxiety. Data on sociodemographic, academic, and lifestyle factors, along with perceived mental health needs and service utilization, were collected. Logistic regression analyses identified significant predictors of anxiety. Results: Among 413 participants, the prevalence of anxiety was 24.2% (95% CI: 20.1%–28.6%). Second-year students showed the highest vulnerability (adjusted OR = 1.9, 95% CI 1.1-3.5), while physical activity was protective (adjusted OR = 0.57; 95% CI 0.35-0.94). Despite 46% of anxious students recognizing the need for mental health services, only 23.9% sought professional help. Conclusion: Anxiety among medical students is prevalent, with academic year and physical activity emerging as significant predictors. The findings underscore the importance of tailored mental health programs and institutional support to address unmet mental health needs and encourage service utilization.