Implikasi Pengaruh Faktor Internal dan Eksternal Terhadap Rendahnya Hasil Belajar Siswa pada Pendidikan Pancasila di Sekolah Dasar

This study aims to analyze the impact of internal and external factors on low student learning outcomes in Pancasila Education subjects in elementary schools. Pancasila education plays an important role in shaping the nation's personality and teaching students their duties and rights in the context of Indonesian society. However, low learning outcomes in this subject indicate a problem that needs to be solved. This research applied the Systematic Literature Review (SLR) method to synthesize, evaluate and integrate information from previous studies. The data is analyzed with a content analysis approach. This research reveals that low student learning outcomes depend on internal and external influences. The most dominant internal factor is learning motivation, where students who are less motivated tend not to be able to follow learning optimally. In addition, differences in learning styles between students also affect the way they understand the material. On the external side, the use of conventional and less interesting learning media and the limited learning facilities available are important factors that affect students' low learning outcomes. Therefore, in order to improve learning outcomes of Pancasila Education in elementary schools, it is necessary to increase learning motivation, adjust learning styles, and utilize more interesting and supportive learning media and facilities