Open-Source Software in Libraries: Applications, Benefits, and Challenges

Abstract Open Source Software (OSS) has emerged as a transformative tool in libraries, offering cost-effective, flexible, and community-driven alternatives to proprietary systems. The objective of this paper is to examine the application of OSS in library services, focusing on its role in library automation, digital collection management, institutional repositories, and discovery services. The study adopts a descriptive and review-based approach, drawing on existing literature, case studies, and practical examples to evaluate the scope, benefits, and challenges of OSS adoption in libraries. Key open-source solutions such as Koha and Evergreen for integrated library management, DSpace and Greenstone for digital libraries and repositories, and VuFind for discovery services are highlighted as major contributors to the modernization of library operations. Findings reveal that OSS enhances resource accessibility, supports open access initiatives, and enables libraries to deliver innovative user services while reducing costs. However, challenges such as limited technical expertise, maintenance issues, and staff resistance remain. The paper concludes that OSS offers sustainable pathways for advancing library services, provided adequate training and collaborative support are ensured. Keywords Open Source Software, Library Services, Koha, DSpace, Greenstone, Institutional Repositories, Library Automation