REGIONAL AGROMETEOROLOGICAL MONITORING NETWORK FOR FORECASTING THE WATER REGIME OF AGROCENOSES IN THE ARID REGIONS OF KAZAKHSTAN

The article discusses the relevance of conducting ground-based instrumental monitoring of temperature and moisture in the soil in conditions of water scarcity in arid regions of the world. The description of the instrument base of agrometeorological hospitals deployed in the period 2021-2024 within the framework of projects of the Ministry of Education of the Republic of Kazakhstan on the basis of farms in the East Kazakhstan region is given. The preliminary results of processing measurements of soil temperature and humidity in a meter layer in a field that during the growing season of 2022...2024 are presented. It was located under sideral steam (Sickle alfalfa) on the territory of the Experimental Farm of Oilseeds LLP. The measured data are in good agreement with the results of observations by the National Kazhydromet Network and satisfactorily reflect the overall dynamics of the critical parameters of crop production in the growing seasons of 2022, 2023, and 2024, depending on moisture availability. The results obtained on the dynamics of air temperature, precipitation, as well as soil temperature and humidity in the meter layer can be useful to farm managers when choosing crop rotations, including various forms of field steaming, which increase moisture conservation, which is especially important in the arid conditions of Kazakhstan. The results may be of interest to insurance companies and decision makers in the field of crop production.