Hidden Threats in Infant Diets and Environment ‒ Risks of Microplastics and Nanoplastics in Food

Microplastics (MPs) and nanoplastics (NPs) are pervasive contaminants in the environment. Their presence, particularly in vulnerable populations such as infants, raises concerns about impact on human health. Therefore, this article aims to determine the exposure pathways, sources, and health consequences related to MPs and NPs exposure in infants (0–12 months of age). The conducted review indicates that the main exposure pathways of MPs and NPs in infants are inhalation and ingestion. The main dietary sources of MPs and NPs for children include plastic packaging, food preparation, and food products. The ingestion of these particles poses potential health risks, including physical, chemical, and biological effects. Microplastics and NPs can cross biological barriers, leading to systemic exposure and affecting infants’ development. The results obtained so far indicate a need for more comprehensive research to understand the extent of MPs and NPs contamination in infant diets and their long-term health implications.