China’s Rising Power and Its Impact on Sino-Afghan Relations: An Analysis of China’s Foreign Policy towards Afghanistan (2001-2022)

This research investigates China’s foreign policy towards Afghanistan from 2001 to 2022, examining how China's rise as a global power has influenced its strategy. The study addresses the question: How has China’s ascent shaped its policy towards Afghanistan, and what are the key drivers behind this approach? Through qualitative analysis of official statements, policy papers, and academic sources, the research explores economic involvement, infrastructure development, diplomatic initiatives, security concerns, and geopolitical interests. Findings suggest that China's policy is driven by both economic and security imperatives. Its proximity to Afghanistan and interest in the region's resources reflect liberalist motivations, while concerns about terrorism and extremism align with realist principles. Additionally, the constructivist perspective reveals that China’s evolving identity as a responsible global power and regional stabilizer plays a crucial role. This study offers insights into the broader implications of China’s rise and potential future trajectories in Sino-Afghan relations.