The “Daesh” Phenomenon - History Of The Creation

The article is devoted to the history of the creation of the world’s most brutal terrorist organization - Daesh (Islamic State, IS, ISIS, ISIL). The purpose of the study is to find out the reasons for the emergence of the Daesh and what preconditions contributed to the formation of such an organization. In recent years, the Islamic State has become a powerful player in the Middle East, posing a serious threat not only to the countries of the region, but also to the stability and peace of the whole world. Daesh is a fighting machine created by fanatics, aiming at spreading their ideology around the world and creating a theocratic caliphate. It is based on an extremist-Islamist ideology that denies the right to life of people with other beliefs and views. During its rise in 2014-2015, between 30,000 and 200,000 terrorists were enrolled in the ranks of Daesh and controlled a territory of 100,000 sq. km. in Iraq and Syria, which contributed to the growing chaos and already posed a serious threat to international security. Therefore, the US-led global coalition, the Iraqi army and other regional paramilitary groups began fighting against the Islamists and in 2019 declared their destruction. Although the group's resources both human, financial, as well as armament and territory have gradually disappeared, first in 2017 and then in 2019, Daesh still exists in the form of small cells and retains the ability to cause harm, and the fight against it is not over yet.