Induced Dyslexia

Vision is a complex process combining the stimulus matrix of the photoreceptors, the transient acuity adjustment of the lenses of the eyes, and the pattern of the image as stored in the brain [1-3]. The peripheral areas of the interior of the human retina contain rodshaped photoreceptors which are primarily sensitive to the intensity of light [4]. As light enters the eye via the cornea it is slightly bent (refracted) by the cornea and filtered by the iris to control its intensity, and then it is significantly bent by the biological lens into a spectral range of colors [5]. The anterior (foveal) area of the retina contains cone-shaped photoreceptors which in humans are primarily sensitive to the colors of either blue, green, or red [6,7]. Those colors match the sensitivities of the foveal cone-shaped photoreceptors which are primarily sensitive to the colors blue (464 nm), green (549 nm), and red (612 nm) [8]. Because of the spectral disparity (refraction) of light when the focus of the image is optimized, blue is focused in FRONT of the retina, red is focused ON the retina, and green is focused BEHIND the retina (Figure 1) [9]. The cone photoreceptor signals are sent forward to the layer of neuroganglia (Figure 2) in front of the foveal photoreceptors (Figure 3) [10,11].