Unravelling the Association between FOXO3a and Cancer Cell Senescence: An Insight into its Role and Biological Pathway

This review explores the intricate relationship between FOXO3a and cellular senescence in cancer, highlighting its complex and context-dependent function. FOXO3a, a transcription factor commonly known as a tumor suppressor, exhibits paradoxical roles in cancer biology. This review describes FOXO3a's dual functions in promoting tumor suppression and progression, its interplay with senescence pathways, and its impact on cancer cell phenotypes. Senescence is also known to be a tumor suppressor and a barrier against malignancies. However, persistent senescence has been found to create an adverse effect due to cancer progression and therapeutic endeavors. The review also discusses the potential of senescence management and FOXO3a modulation as novel therapeutic strategies in cancer treatment. Recent advancements in proteomics research, including FOXO3a's interactions with microRNAs, post-translational modifications, and protein-protein interactions, are also elaborated. This paper concludes by emphasizing the need to understand the role of FOXO3a in cancer biology and its potential as a biomarker and therapeutic target.