PREVALENCE OF ANAEMIA AMONG PATIENTS OF CHRONIC KIDNEY DISEASE ON MAINTENANCE HEMODIALYSIS WITH AND WITHOUT TYPE 2 DIABETES MELLITUS: A COMPARATIVE STUDY

Background: Anaemia is a frequent complication of chronic kidney disease (CKD), particularly in patients undergoing maintenance hemodialysis. The coexistence of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) may exacerbate anaemia severity and alter its patterns. Objectives: To determine the prevalence and types of anaemia among CKD patients on maintenance hemodialysis with and without T2DM, and to compare blood parameters between the two groups. Methods: A cross-sectional analytical study was conducted among patients with CKD undergoing maintenance hemodialysis. Participants were stratified based on T2DM status. Socio-demographic details, ultrasonographic (USG) findings, haematological indices, and biochemical parameters were recorded and compared using appropriate statistical tests. Results: Diabetes prevalence increased significantly with age (p<0.05). Anaemia was significantly more prevalent in CKD patients with T2DM (47.7%) than without T2DM (33.0%). Normocytic normochromic anaemia (25.0%) was the most common subtype in the T2DM group, while microcytic hypochromic anaemia was more common in non-diabetic patients. Serum creatinine, HbA1c, and fasting blood sugar were significantly higher in the T2DM group (p<0.05). Gender distribution did not significantly affect anaemia prevalence or type. Conclusion: Anaemia is more prevalent and severe among CKD patients on maintenance hemodialysis with T2DM. Early recognition and targeted management are essential to improve outcomes in this high-risk population.