Assessment of the prospects for development of organic аgriculture in the Kabardino-Balkar Republic (based on the data of the section of the Geonetwork of Long-term experiments)

To assess the prospects for the production of organic crop production in the conditions of the steppe zone of the Kabardino-Balkarian Republic, an analysis of monitoring data at site No. 082 of the Geonet of long-term experiments on the influence of organic and mineral fertilizer systems on the yield of winter wheat, corn and sunflower was carried out. Manure, siderates (winter rapeseed), winter wheat straw and their combination were used as organic fertilizers. The most effective yield option was compared with the yield of crops obtained using mineral fertilizers. The mineral fertilizer system is represented by increasing doses of fertilizers: 0NPK, 1/3NPK, 1/2NPK, 1NPK. The maximum dose of 1NPK corresponded to the full calculated dose for the planned yield. Monitoring in the period 2019–2024 revealed that the use of all types of organic fertilizers was accompanied by an increase in yields, but the most effective option was the application of manure, siderates and straw, which provided an increase in yields of winter wheat, corn and sunflower by 27.5, 32.9 and 31.5%, respectively. The use of this combination of organic fertilizers provided crop yields comparable to those of winter wheat (33.4 c/ha), obtained against a background of 1/2 NPK (average level of intensification), with corn yields (41.2 c/ha), obtained at a low level of availability of mineral fertilizers (1/3 NPK), with sunflower yields (31.7 kg/ha), obtained at the maximum dose of mineral fertilizers.