Determination of volatile components in various extracts from wild chamomile (Matricaria chamomilla L.) flowers by gas chromatographic-mass spectrometry

The work is devoted to the evaluation of the efficiency of the extraction of volatile organic compounds from flowers of wild chamomile (Matricaria chamomilla L.). The chromatographic-mass spectrometric determination of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in extracts of wild chamomile flowers extracted by Ginsberg hydrodistillation, liquid-liquid extraction and dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction, as well as extraction under subcritical conditions and ultrasonic (US) treatment was carried out. Volatile compounds were identified by comparing the obtained mass spectra of the components with data from the NIST07 and WILEY8 databases. The contents of analytes in the extracts were estimated by internal normalization of peak areas and by the method of internal standard, as which thujone in acetone was used. VOC contents in essential oil and aromatic water obtained by Ginsberg hydrodistillation, under subcritical conditions and by ultrasonic treatment of acetone extracts from wild chamomile flowers were determined. As macrocomponents of the essential oil, β-Farnesene, α-bisabolol oxide B and bisabolol oxide A were identified. As macrocomponents of the hexane extract from aromatic water, α-Bisabolol oxide B, α-Limonene diepoxide, and bisabolol oxide A were identified. The main component of acetone extracts from wild chamomile flowers obtained under subcritical conditions and ultrasonic treatment was en-in-dicycloether. It was shown that the aromatic water of wild chamomile has higher content and wider list of VOCs in comparison with the essential oil.