DISINFORMATION IN THE MEDIA: AN INTERDISCIPLINARY APPROACH

This interdisciplinary study examines disinformation through the lenses of psychology, sociology, law, and technology. It identifies key drivers of false information spread: cognitive biases (e.g., confirmation bias), emotional triggers (fear, anger), and social dynamics like algorithmic echo chambers. The dual role of AI is analyzed - its capacity to generate synthetic content and tools to detect it.Legal frameworks are assessed, emphasizing balanced strategies that combine platform self-regulation and state oversight to protect free speech while mitigating harm. Technological solutions, including machine learning and blockchain, are evaluated for their potential and limitations in content verification.A three-pillar model is proposed: education to strengthen critical thinking and media literacy; legal reforms ensuring algorithmic transparency; hybrid systems (AI+crowdsourcing) for content moderation.The research highlights the necessity of global cooperation to establish ethical standards in a rapidly evolving digital landscape. Resilience against disinformation, it argues, depends on integrating adaptive technology, coherent regulation, and public trust. By addressing human vulnerabilities and systemic risks, the study outlines pathways to safeguard democratic values in the information age.