An Update on Oxidative Stress and Redoxins in Pancreatitis

In mammalian cells, most of the oxygen (O2) fueling mitochondrial respiration is eliminated as water (H2O) molecules. However, a small O2 fraction is transformed into anion superoxide (O2.-), the first in a long list of reactive oxygen species (ROS) finetuning the activation of multiple intracellular signaling cascades and transcriptional outputs in various cell types.1 ROS-mediated cellular signaling is mostly achieved through stable species, namely, hydrogen peroxide (H2O2).2