Integrating biopsychosocial and spiritual coping theories in understanding spirituality and healing in the Philippines

Abstract This research investigates the role of spirituality in fostering emotional resilience and psychological healing across multiple religious traditions, with a focus on how Pargament’s spiritual coping strategies complement conventional mental health interventions. Previous studies have highlighted the complex relationship between spirituality and mental health, but the connection between these elements and sustainable well-being has not been sufficiently explored. This study examines how spiritual practices within Christianity, Islam, Hinduism, and Buddhism contribute to mental and emotional well-being, which is crucial for achieving long-term sustainability and resilience in both individuals and communities. Through qualitative key-informant interviews, the research explores how spirituality can support the attainment of the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), particularly No. 3, Good Health and Well-Being, about emotional well-being, community cohesion, and mental health. The data were analyzed using thematic analysis, underpinned by the Biopsychosocial Model of Health and Spiritual Coping Theory. Findings indicated that meditation helps reduce anxiety, showing the importance of integrating spiritual practices into mental health care as a tool for sustainable emotional health. The study concludes by advocating for a holistic and culturally sensitive approach that incorporates spiritual care into treatment plans to improve therapy outcomes and enhance long-term emotional resilience, aligning with global sustainability goals.