Między skutecznością a sprawiedliwością. W poszukiwaniu optymalnego wariantu systemu wyborczego do sejmików województw

Between Efficiency and Justice. In Search of the Optimal Variant of the Electoral System for Regional Assemblies (Sejmiks) in Poland The results of the elections to regional assemblies in Poland confirm the effectiveness of the processes of selecting the composition of these bodies, as evidenced by the formation of stable majorities. This is at the expense of the level of representativeness of regional assemblies, which is confirmed by the low level of proportionality of these elections. The reason for this is systemic solutions. The Electoral Code, and above all the resolutions of individual regional assemblies introducing small constituencies. Therefore, this article meets the demand to find the most optimal variant, i.e. one that conveniently combines the effectiveness and representativeness of these choices. To this end, five alternative options were tested based on the results of universal suffrage in regional elections, between 2002 and 2024. An election optimisation index was also developed, which is the quotient of the level of effectiveness of elections in relation to the level of their proportionality.