Impacts of the moving magnetic field on the second-grade hybrid nanofluid flow through a porous matrix in a symmetric channel

The overwhelming applications of hydromagnetic flows of hybrid nanofluid and second-grade nanofluid in advanced nanotechnology and biomedical fields motivated this research work. This paper explores the heat transfer in unsteady hydromagnetic flows of Titanium Oxide-Copper Oxide-Engine Oil (TiO2-CuO-EO) second-grade hybrid nanofluid in a uniform porous matrix bounded by two symmetrically placed vertical walls. The magnetic field applied strength is considered strong enough to generate Hall and ion-slip currents and is considered moving. The governing equations are obtained from the fundamental physical laws involved in the physical problem. An analytical approach is opted for solving the governing equations. The MATLAB computation of the solutions highlights the impressions of flow impacting parameters to the velocity, temperature, shear stress and rate of heat transport. Two special cases of interest are considered for the results analysis, namely, (a) the moving magnetic field, and (b) the stationary magnetic field. The study results infer that the static magnetic field employs the flow-suppressing force while the moving magnetic field employs the flow-boosting force in the flow field. In a static magnetic field, the velocity in the hybrid nanofluid is higher than the nanofluids. This behaviour is reversed in the moving magnetic field. The hybrid nanofluids are thermally more efficient than the nanofluids. In this study, it is noted that the rate of heat transfer at the left moving wall in the hybrid nanofluid is smaller than the nanofluid while at the right static wall, this effect is the opposite. This may be due to the fluctuation of wall temperature of the left-moving wall.