Factors to Consider When Using Focus Group Discussion in Qualitative Research

Purpose: This study aimed at identifying factors that researchers need to consider when planning to use and when employing focus group discussions as a data collection technique. Methods: This paper used a systematic literature review to identify factors to consider when using focus group discussion in qualitative research. A total of 34 articles were included for analysis by considering their relevance to the study topic. Findings: A total of eleven factors to consider when using focus group discussion in qualitative research were identified. The factors include the nature of the study, scope of the study topic, skills and ability of the moderator, group composition and members' characteristics, accessibility of the study population, socio-cultural factor, type of data needed, setting/location, duration/time factor, ethical consideration, as well as safety and security factor. Originality: This study contributes to methodological literature by presenting an accessible framework of factors to consider when using focus group discussion. Previous works had dispersed and fragmented knowledge on the topic under study. Practical Implications: The paper provides researchers with a practical checklist to guide them on important factors to consider when using focus group discussion.