Gender and Household Headship Effects on Food Choice Motivation and Consumption Patterns of Alternative Staples in Claveria, Misamis Oriental

While rice remains the dominant staple in the country, exploring the role of alternative staples such as corn, cassava, sweet potato, banana, and adlai within the socio-cultural and economic contexts of Filipino households could help reduce their rice dependency. This study examines the influence of gender and household headship on food choice motivations and consumption patterns of alternative staple foods in Claveria, Misamis Oriental, Philippines. Employing a mixed-methods approach with 200 respondents across Geographically Isolated and Disadvantaged Areas (GIDA) and non-GIDA barangays, the study investigates demographic profiles, consumption patterns, and motivational factors guiding food choices. Results indicate an equitable distribution of male and female household heads and a predominant role of women in food shopping and meal preparation. Both male- and female-headed households demonstrate strong motivations toward health, economic affordability, emotional well-being, social and cultural norms, and environmental considerations in food choices. However, statistical analyses reveal no significant differences in consumption patterns or motivations based on household head gender across most domains, except for a slight significance in emotional motivations in non-GIDA areas. Findings align partially with the Theory of Planned Behavior, confirming consistent attitudes and norms toward food choices, while also highlighting nuanced gender-based variations in environmental and market motivations. This suggests that while gender roles influence certain aspects of food decisions, broader socioeconomic and cultural factors shape consumption behaviors more profoundly. The study recommends gender-inclusive policies, community nutrition education, and targeted promotion of alternative staples to enhance food security and sustainable dietary practices in rural Filipino communities.