Агробіологічна оцінка гібридів соняшнику в умовах Східної України

Twenty-eight sunflower hybrids, which are suitable for dissemination in Ukraine and included in the State Register of Plant Varieties, were evaluated for agrobiological traits in the forest-steppe zone of Eastern Ukraine and the results are presented. The performance, biometric characteristics and yield components were determined in hybrids of different genetic origins. The field studies were conducted at the Educational, Scientific and Production center "Dokuchaievske Experimental Field" of the State Biotechnological University in 2023–2024. Such characteristics as the number of leaves, plant height, head diameter, thousand seed weight, test weight, and head productivity were determined. The climatic conditions of vegetation in 2023 and 2024 significantly varied, enabling us to assess the preliminary adaptability of the hybrids to stressors. There were significant correlations between major components of yield. The highest biological yield (up to 3.7 t/ha) was formed by Ukrainian hybrids ‘Blysk’, ‘Husliar’, ‘Ravelin’, ‘Kadet’, and ‘Aldazor’. Cluster analysis by economic characteristics allowed us to identify three groups of hybrids that differed in yield and adaptability. The data obtained indicate the feasibility of clusterization as a tool for comprehensive evaluation of sunflower hybrids for the conditions of Eastern Ukraine. The results can be used in production to optimally select high-yielding sunflower hybrids for the forest-steppe zone of Ukraine